This Manual is designed to be a learning tool for judges who are gathering knowledge and experience with the aim of becoming International Judges. It also should be a reference guide for existing International Judges, with the aim of contributing to consistency in judging all over the world.

Since our sport is constantly evolving, this Manual must be a living document. Contributions for improvements and new subjects showing current practice, are welcome. Updated versions will be posted on the World Sailing website as changes and additions are made.

We thank the members of International Judges Sub-Committee, the Working Party for the Manual and all International Judges who have contributed to this Manual.

Andrus Poksi, Chair
World Sailing International Judges Sub-Committee
November 2024

Note of usage:
For clarity and brevity, this Manual uses the feminine gender in the historical sense when referring to a boat, and gender-neutral language when referring to a person.

World Sailing Regulations, Codes and Policies are referenced by their current name only, since they are subject to change more frequently than this Manual could be updated.