Forum: Match and Team Racing Rules

Contact Between Teammates

Matt Voci
Nationality: United States
(disclosure: question is being posed by myself, a mediocre high school coach)

Consider the situation where boat X enters the zone at a leeward mark to be left to port (Mark 3) clear ahead of teammate Y. X slows down to windward of the mark on starboard tack in an attempt to trap boat A outside of her and let teammate Y pass A. Boat A sails well clear of the situation and is no longer a factor. Boat Y and Boat X simultaneously round the mark with outside boat (Y) rounding too close to X, such that on boat X's gybe there is contact between Boat X's boom and Boat Y's shroud. All parties agree that there is a penalty on boat Y. Boat X indicates to their teammate that they will take a one turn penalty, which they promptly complete, with a belief that in a situation involving two teammates "either boat can take the penalty turn". 

Now the questions:
(1) In an non-umpired event or limited umpire event, if Boat A (who witnessed the situation) promptly protested Boat Y when they do not exonerate themselves, is this a valid protest?
(2) If it is a valid protest, and is filed with RC at the finish, what would be the decision of the protest hearing. Again, operating under the assumption that Boat Y acknowledge that they did not give room to Boat X at mark 3. 
(3) In an umpired event, what should the actions and/or decisions of the umpire be?

If it is helpful context, I am currently operating under the (possibly misguided) belief that D1.3(d) indicates that if there is contact then Part 2 rules and D1.3(a) apply to the boat that is in penalty not to "either teammate". Furthermore, Call L3 (2021-2024 Call Book) and TR Umpire Manual 9.3 (2021-2024) suggest that an umpire can penalize the situation and there is nothing I see that suggests that it matters who has taken a one turn penalty (update for 2025?).

Thank you, in advance for any thoughts.  
Created: 25-Apr-17 12:59

Comments

P
John Allan
Nationality: Australia
Certifications:
  • National Race Officer
  • National Judge
1
Matt Voci, Good research.  You' have got the bases covered.  Answers to your questions:

(1) In an non-umpired event or limited umpire event, if Boat A (who witnessed the situation) promptly protested Boat Y when they do not exonerate themselves, is this a valid protest?

Appendix D no longer provides for 'limited umpiring'.  A race is either umpired or it is not.

Taking a Turns Penalty has nothing to do with exoneration.

RRS D1.2(a) provides  A boat may protest another boat, but not for an alleged breach of a rule of Part 2 unless ... the incident involved contact between members of the other team;
 
Yes.  A is entitled to protest.

(2) If it is a valid protest, and is filed with RC at the finish, what would be the decision of the protest hearing. Again, operating under the assumption that Boat Y acknowledge that they did not give room to Boat X at mark 3.

Assuming that Y is on port throughout, the protest committee could conclude:
  1. X to windward did not keep clear of Y to leeward on the same tack. X broke RRS 11.
  2. Y, overlapped outside X did not give X mark-room  .Y broke RRS 18.2(a)(2).
  3. X, sailing within the mark-room to which she was entitled, is exonerated for breaking RRS 11 by RRS 43.1(b).
  4. X did not avoid contact with Y when it was reasonably possible to do so.  X broke RRS 14.
  5. It was not reasonably possible for Y to avoid contact with X.  Y did not break RRS 14.
  6. X, sailing within the mark-room to which she was entitled, and contact not causing damage or injury is exonerated for breaking RRS 14 by RRS 43.1(c).

The only breach that is not exonerated is Y not giving mark-room.

The One Turn Penalty by X is irrelevant to the breach by Y.

Decision:  Penalise Y.

(3) In an umpired event, what should the actions and/or decisions of the umpire be? 

Penalise Y in accordance with TR Call L3.

Yes, RRS D 1.3(d) only allows no penalty for breach between boats of the same team if there is no contact.

If there is contact a boat may be penalised.

In accordance with RRS D 1.3(a), X 'may' have broken a rule, if fact she did break 2 rules, so she may take a penalty.

X taking a penalty is irrelevant to breaches by Y.

RRS D2.3(b) says umpires may penalise Y.
TR Umpires Manual 9.3 says umpires should penalise Y.
Call L3 says imperatively 'penalise Y'.

Obviously, if Y had taken a penalty turn, she would not be further penalised.
Created: 25-Apr-17 14:33
Matt Voci
Nationality: United States
0
@John Allan, Thank you very much for taking the time write-up an incredibly helpful and thorough response. 
Created: 25-Apr-17 14:39
Jerry Thompson
Nationality: United States
Certifications:
  • National Judge
  • Umpire In Training
  • Regional Race Officer
0
John you might have stopped to soon, consider D2.3(c). If Y breaks a rule with teammate X and Y takes a penalty, if X gains an advantage by the incident, the umpires may choose to penalize X.
Created: 25-Apr-17 14:43
P
John Allan
Nationality: Australia
Certifications:
  • National Race Officer
  • National Judge
0
Jerry, Should I add to the last sentence of my previous post 'unless her team gained an advantage despite her taking the penalty in accordance with RRS D2.3(c)'?

Jerry and anybody else:  am I right in thinking that where Appendix D refers to 'breaks a rule' it should be read down as 'breaks a rule and is not exonerated'?
Created: 25-Apr-17 15:03
Doc Sullivan
Nationality: United States
Certifications:
  • Club Race Officer
  • National Judge
  • National Umpire
0
Quite frankly I am happy that one of the boats took a penalty. It may be difficult to determine if Y did not give adequate room or altered (as they will to round the mark) and X was unable to keep clear or if X took more room than they needed. 
When umpiring a college/high school event you might have a 1 in 10 chance to be in the perfect position to make the call of whether X or Y broke the rule.  I agree with the theory but in real time tough call
Created: 25-Apr-17 15:32
Matt Voci
Nationality: United States
0
@ Doc Sullivan - I completely agree, and had the event been umpired, I believe all parties would have been satisfied that any boat took a turn. I tried to add the assertion that all parties acknowledge Boat Y did not give room to Boat X, to assist in directing the conversation toward whether the a teammate (Boat X) taking a penalty on behalf of another (Boat Y) is permissible. 

I suppose, a follow up here, is whether there exists a rule or case that explicitly allows teammates to take penalties for each other. 
Created: 25-Apr-17 15:47
P
John Allan
Nationality: Australia
Certifications:
  • National Race Officer
  • National Judge
0
Matt, If there was a [pretty strange] rule permitting a boat to take a penalty on behalf of a teammate you would expect to find it in RRS D1.2 or D1.3:  it aint there.  I'm certainly not aware of it, or anything like it anywhere else.  The TR Rules (Appendix D), go as far as protecting teammates from penalisation for Part 2 incidents without contact in RRS D1.3(d):  why would one expect them to go any further?.

Can anyone explain the rationale for, once switching off penalisation for Part 2 breaches between team mates, Appendix D switches penalisation back on if there is contact without damage, for which a boat may well be [now automatically] exonerated?  Is it to protect boats supplied by OA? or some other reason?
Created: 25-Apr-17 23:37
Doc Sullivan
Nationality: United States
Certifications:
  • Club Race Officer
  • National Judge
  • National Umpire
0
If teammates Port Star beating on converging courses and starboard altered to avoid port (like waving them through) then no rule was broken even it would appear to an observer that port broke a rule. If however there was contact then someone DID break a rule. Thus we can penalize teammate contact

Created: 25-Apr-18 00:22
P
John Allan
Nationality: Australia
Certifications:
  • National Race Officer
  • National Judge
0
So, Doc, are you pointing to 'umpireability'?
Created: 25-Apr-18 00:29
Doc Sullivan
Nationality: United States
Certifications:
  • Club Race Officer
  • National Judge
  • National Umpire
0
No just why we can penalize contact as we know someone broke a rule but without contact we cannot be 100% sure which is why we do not penalize them
Created: 25-Apr-18 00:38
Nigel Vick
Certifications:
  • National Judge
  • National Umpire
0
This is one of the changes that we in the UK are adapting to. The old D2.2(c)in the 21-24 book was applied in the UK as meaning that, as long as a boat spun the incident was closed and Umpires could take no further action. Under the 25-28 rules the umpires can now penalise the boat that broke the role regardless of any spins (and as case book and manual says, should penalise).  
  As commented, though, you have to be certain that the boat broke a rule.
Created: 25-Apr-18 11:04
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