I think we have three cases here that are being slightly confused.
1) A judge involved in the regatta as a judge helping (and maybe also being in the hearing)
2) A judge who is not involved in the regatta or another knowledgable coach helping
3) AI helping a competitor fill out the form and maybe even giving advice on the case

A lot of the discussion has focused on case 1.  Clearly there are some limits here.  We may have some disagreement about where those limits are but I don't think that is relevant to what Paul really wants to know.

Case 2 in my mind (and I think in John Allan's mind if I understand him correctly) has very few limits.  At the highest levels of our sport (Olympics, America's Cup etc.) teams have rules advisors.  Many of those rules advisors are trained and certified as judges.  They are certainly helping their sailors with writing and filing protests (and in some cases even writing the protests themselves).  For sailors who do not have rules advisors to call up a friend who happens to be a judge (or not) to get advice is I believe quite reasonable.  The only people who have to careful here are the judges who may be becoming a coach and therefore have a future conflict of interest.  Yes the father may have written up the protest, but the Opti sailor had to represent the story in the room (assuming it involved a rule of Part 2, 3 4 on the water).  All the polish in the form doesn't change that.

Case 3 I believe that this is similar to Case 2.  Yes competitors will use it outside of the platform.  I see no reason not to build it into the platform (assuming that it doesn't get too expensive).  I don't care if the AI helps the sailors with the forms or explains the relevant rules to them.  The sailor still has to represent the case in the protest room.  This is the case that Paul is asking about.  The system needs all of the gaurdrails that any AI system needs to avoid misuse but I see no reason to put specific limit on how much it can help the sailor.

If we ever get to the point (and we will) that AI is deciding on some protests then maybe we need to make sure the two systems are isolated from each other.  This would be like Case 1 but we aren't there yet.

Like several others in the discussion I am an IJ and I work in IT so I am seeing every day the impact of AI.  It is here, the sailors will use it.  I see no reason (other than cost) not to build it into the system. 

I was responding to your question about QR codes.

Correct....

John,
Thank you for providing the link to the article posted by Graeme Hayward and originally written by Mary Pera.  It is sad that neither of them are with us any more.  

I think I probably hint at it in my OP, but I think some of these shifts are fully appropriate, while others are maybe appropriate, even if potentially at odds with the phrasing in Case 103:

TLDR: