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Protest Committee & Hearing Procedures

Aggravated Rule 69 Incidents

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John Quirk
Nationality: New Zealand
Certifications:
  • Judge In Training
  • National Judge
Along with a host of other WS homework-study items, that I was recently given, included the study item below (which I am sure many on this forum have seen before):

“7. You are the chairman of the protest committee. It is 10:00 PM and the club is closing. You have just been told by the club manager that in an argument with the bartender about one hour ago, the tactician aboard one of the offshore boats was intoxicated and used foul and abusive language. In anger, the tactician allegedly threw a beer bottle at the bartender. What should the protest committee do? What rules apply?”

Of course, the simple answer is to follow Rule 69 (and that SoP) and the relevant WS reference documents: G.2 (World Sailing Judges Manual) and WS Misconduct Guidance etc, and which are all straightforward enough.

However, given the nature of the cited incident-example, and while not specifically stated in the above referenced WS documents, I presume that the OA would also be immediately engaged, and their counsel and even resources sought - e.g. local Lawyer members and/or suitably qualified investigator etc; and to be circumspect and to tread lightly about investigating, ‘testing’ and deciding to hold a hearing etc (are police involved and/or civil proceedings being instigated – soberingly, G4.4.4). 

Any intimate experiences with this type of incident?

Created: 26-Jul-13 08:25

Comments

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Jim Champ
Nationality: United Kingdom
I should have thought the answer was as little as possible. Isn't involving law enforcement and the like a matter for the building owners/management? So is a decision on whether to eject any person from the premises.  A PC could only get in the way of the professionals. At the absolute most gathering names and addresses of any witnesses. Certainly couldn't hold any kind of hearing if any of the parties are intoxicated. Surely a misconduct hearing ought to wait until the dust has settled.
Created: 26-Jul-13 09:52
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Michael Butterfield
Nationality: United Kingdom
Certifications:
  • International Judge
  • International Umpire
  • International Race Officer
It would be up to the club, which may not be the OA to see if membership regulations were breached and for them to involve the police.

The protest chair  can do no more than collect some information and brief his team early morning.

He will soon be told to leave the club; the team is probably dispersed.

He needs a hearing to decide id a 69 should be brought, it is not their decision.

At his accommodation, the chair can plan and prepare an RRS 69 notice in case it is approved in the morning.

The boat owner's telephone number could be sought in case the owner needs to know about his crew member's actions and the possible consequences; he may choose not to take him to avoid endangering the boat's score.

Contact the protest team for an early meeting to discuss least an early (before race ) hearing is required.

With simple facts like bottle throwing and bad language no real need for an investigator, as few witnesses will be required

, and this simplifies matters.
Created: 26-Jul-13 10:27
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Angelo Guarino
Forum Moderator
Nationality: United States
Certifications:
  • Regional Judge
What Mike said I think.  

69.2(b) When a protest committee, from its own observation or from information received from any source, including evidence taken during a hearing, believes a person may have broken rule 69.1(a), it shall decide whether or not to call a hearing.

The PC Chair has received information from a source.  It (the PC) shall decide whether or not to call a hearing.  
Created: 26-Jul-13 12:35
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John Allan
Nationality: Australia
Certifications:
  • National Race Officer
  • National Judge
As you are probably aware the IJ Seminar 20 Questions are to get you thinking about complex and unusual issues and refamiliarising yourself with some less used rules.  Your 'solutions' are not handed in or assessed, although the intelligence and diligence you demonstrate in the discussions may influence the senior IJ presenting in your favour.  It always helps if presenters think well of you and want to help you get along.

So, you need to describe how you would want the scenario to play out.  Don't forget to look at RRS M6.

You need to keep a sense of perspective:  it is a breach of good manners, it has no effect on the fairness of the competition and is not an issue involving protection of competitors from harassment, bullying etc.  While it is serious, and in the old money is undoubtedly gross misconduct, it is not World War 3:  it is at the lower end of criminality.

You do not need a 'qualified' investigator:  who you choose to investigate is up to you.

You do not need any legal advice to conduct a RRS 69 hearing.  There is no decision a protest committee can make under RRS 69.2(h) that can have any legal repercussions:  The only actions a protest committee can take under RRS 69.2(h) affect places in races at the event.  This cannot lead to, for example CAS proceedings for restraint of trade.  Of course the protest committee should exercise discretion in making any communications about the matter that may be defamatory (see RRS 63.6(c) and (d)).

Obviously this is a time-line problem.  The scenario opens after close of business and you need to fit in the procedures required by RRS 69.2 in between when you receive the initial information and when you want any penalty, such as exclusion from racing, to apply.  You will need to pay particular attention to:
  • time required to identify and appoint an investigator and time for the investigator to carry out their investigations;
  • time required to draft and produce the written notice to the person, and to effectively deliver that notice to the person,
  • what is a reasonable time to be allowed to the person to prepare for the hearing.
and how this can all be fitted in to the racing schedule.

While it is not strictly a requirement, I would want to talk to the Regatta Chair or a senior Flag Officer or Board Member of the OA and find out how seriously they view the incident, and broadly, what they would like to see happen.  I would be cautious about placing too much reliance on what a staff manager of the host club tells you.

Just note the following:
  • RRS 69.2(a) requires a protest committee of at least three members.
  • Actions under RRS 69.2, such as deciding whether or not to hold a hearing and appointing an investigator are actions of the protest committee:  the protest committee chair is not authorised to take these actions without the agreement of the committee.
  • The appointment of an investigator under RRS 69.2(c) is conditional on the protest committee deciding that they need more information to enable them to decide whether or not to call a hearing:  if you initially decide to call a hearing, you cannot appoint and get the benefit of an investigator after you make that decision.
Created: 26-Jul-13 14:15
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John Quirk
Nationality: New Zealand
Certifications:
  • National Judge
  • Judge In Training
Reply to: 21795 - John Allan
Yes, this item part of a package of material in preparation for an IJ Seminar (along with 100 questions, decision writting exercises and WS readings etc). 
The process well laid out above thanks (I have been on a Jury for one potential 69 case and the Chairman pretty much followed that).
What got me thinking though (or over-thinking perhaps?) with this particular study-example case, is: in many jurisdictions, the bartender within his or her right to call the police and the tactician arrested and a police investigation naturally ensues (taken very seriously in some - e.g. Australian 'sucker punch' laws) - one has to be also very careful running any parallel investigations and any declarations and notifications-timings under such circumstances (notably so here in the Philippines).  
Created: 26-Jul-14 01:22
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John Allan
Nationality: Australia
Certifications:
  • National Race Officer
  • National Judge
John Q, A protest committee hearing, even for RRS 69 is nothing more than a rules of the game adjudication.

Simple drunken assault is not CSI Miami.

Unlike, say, a Coronial Inquiry, or a Military incident investigation, you have no legal obligation to coordinate or synchronise your investigation or hearing with police or any criminal proceedings.  If the police are concerned, its up to them to ask or direct you as they require, and you would normally cooperat  and comply with any such request or direction.
Created: 26-Jul-14 01:54
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John Quirk
Nationality: New Zealand
Certifications:
  • National Judge
  • Judge In Training
John A. ordinarily perhaps - and unlike "CSI Miami" :), a fine line or tightrope in such situations here (civic duty codes etc), and hurling a beer bottle at someone would not be so simple.
Created: 26-Jul-14 02:19
Rene Nusse
Nationality: Australia
Certifications:
  • Club Race Officer
  • Club Judge
  • Umpire In Training
Notwithstanding criminal or civil law, as chairman, I would not ignore the report, but I would not immediately penalise the boat either. I would initiate a Rule 69 misconduct process.

Step 1 – Is there a reason to act?

Yes.

The information comes from the club manager, who reports that:

  •  the tactician was allegedly intoxicated, 
  •  allegedly used foul and abusive language, and
  •  allegedly threw a beer bottle at the bartender. 
If true, this is far more than poor manners. It may amount to:

  •  assault or attempted assault, 
  •  physical violence, 
  •  unlawful activity, and
  •  conduct bringing the sport into disrepute. 
Case 138 lists as examples of misconduct:

  •  "Engaging in any unlawful activity (for example, theft, assault...)" 
  •  "Engaging in any activity which may bring the sport into disrepute" 
  •  "Physical or threatened violence" 
  •  "Foul or abusive language that causes or may cause offence." 
This scenario potentially involves four of those examples.

Step 2 – Which rule applies?

Rule 69, not Rule 2.

Rule 2 concerns fair sailing and conduct that directly affects the competition.

Case 138 is explicit:

"An action that is considered to be an act of misconduct and that does not directly affect the competition should be subject to action under rule 69." 

An argument in the clubhouse an hour after racing does not affect the fairness of that day's racing, so Rule 2 would normally not be the correct basis.

Step 3 – Should the hearing be held tonight?

Probably not.

At 10:00 p.m., with the club closing, it would be difficult to conduct a fair Rule 69 hearing.

Rule 69 requires procedural fairness. The protest committee should:

  •  notify the person of the allegation, 
  •  identify the alleged misconduct, 
  •  allow adequate time to prepare, 
  •  hear witnesses, and
  •  determine the facts using the comfortable satisfaction standard discussed in Case 122. 
Trying to do that, as everyone is being asked to leave the premises, would not usually be appropriate.

Step 4 – What should the chairman do tonight?

I would:

  1.  Obtain a brief written statement from the club manager. 
  2.  Ask the bartender and any obvious witnesses to provide contact details or brief written accounts before they leave. 
  3.  Preserve any CCTV if available. 
  4.  Notify the tactician that the protest committee intends to consider Rule 69 and that a hearing will be scheduled as soon as practicable. 
  5.  Adjourn until the hearing can be conducted properly. 

Step 5 – If the allegations are proved

If the committee is comfortably satisfied that the tactician:

  •  abused the bartender, and 
  •  threw a beer bottle, 

I would find this to be misconduct under Rule 69.

Possible penalties under Rule 69.2(h) range from:

  •  a warning, 
  •  exclusion from one or more races, 
  •  DNE scores, 
  •  exclusion from the event, 
  •  or other appropriate sanctions, depending on the seriousness of the conduct. The committee must also consider whether the matter should be reported to the national authority under Rule 69.2(j). Case 139 gives examples of when such reporting is appropriate. 

Does intoxication matter?

Not by itself.

There is no rule prohibiting being intoxicated. However, intoxication is not a defence to misconduct. The committee judges the competitor's conduct, not the reason for it.

My decision as chairman

I would immediately commence Rule 69 proceedings, preserve the available evidence that evening, and convene a properly constituted Rule 69 hearing at the earliest practical opportunity. If the allegations were established to the committee's comfortable satisfaction, I would regard throwing a beer bottle at a bartender after racing as a serious act of misconduct, likely warranting exclusion from the remainder of the event and careful consideration of a report to the competitor's national authority.

Created: 26-Jul-14 03:20
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Angelo Guarino
Forum Moderator
Nationality: United States
Certifications:
  • Regional Judge
Reply to: 21806 - Rene Nusse
Rene re: "I would immediately commence Rule 69 proceedings, preserve the available evidence that evening, and convene a properly constituted Rule 69 hearing at the earliest practical opportunity."

As the first step required by RRS 69 is to decide whether or not to call a 69 hearing, would you convene a panel to make that decision or do it on your own? In your above discussion, it is written as you acting unilaterally. 
Created: 26-Jul-14 10:54
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John Allan
Nationality: Australia
Certifications:
  • National Race Officer
  • National Judge
Reply to: 21806 - Rene Nusse
See RRS 69.2(a)
A protest committee acting under this rule shall have at least three members.

RRS 69.2(b)

When a protest committee ... believes that a person may have broken rule 69.1(a) it shall decide whether or not to call a hearing.

The decision must be made by the protest committee, not an individual.
Created: 26-Jul-14 11:18
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John Allan
Nationality: Australia
Certifications:
  • National Race Officer
  • National Judge
Reply to: 21806 - Rene Nusse
I would:  Obtain a brief written statement from the club manager.   Ask the bartender and any obvious witnesses to provide contact details or brief written accounts before they leave.   Preserve any CCTV if available.   Notify the tactician that the...
Rene,  I would:  Obtain a brief written statement from the club manager. 
  1.  Ask the bartender and any obvious witnesses to provide contact details or brief written accounts before they leave. 
  2.  Preserve any CCTV if available.

I have a bit of a problem with this.

I think these actions are looking very like an investigation that an investigator appointed under RRS 69.2(c) would be doing, and hence that the protest committee chair is acting as an investigator.

But in accordance with RRS 69.2(c), investigators shall not be members of the protest committee that twill decide the matter .

So, I think that, by carrying out their own investigations, the protest committee chair is disqualifying themselves from sitting on the protest committee hearing the matter.

I think asking a few preliminary questions, like name and contact details and perhaps requesting the manager to write down a record of what happened for future use would be ok, but any 'statement taking' where the protest committee chair wrote down a statement and asked and recorded answers to questions, and the other steps, concerning other staff and video are crossing the line into investigation.

  1.  Notify the tactician that the protest committee intends to consider Rule 69 and that a hearing will be scheduled as soon as practicable. 

For this one, see other posts: the decision to call a hearing needs to be made by a protest committee of at least 3 members, and I think it is risky to give some sort of preliminary notice to the person before the proper written notification is prepared and delivered.
Created: 26-Jul-14 13:42
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Angelo Guarino
Forum Moderator
Nationality: United States
Certifications:
  • Regional Judge
Reply to: 21806 - Rene Nusse
John A re: "I think these actions are looking very like an investigation that an investigator"

I think asking someone to preserve records of an incident in itself is not investigating an incident as long as those records are not reviewed.    Back in the day, VCR based security systems would overwrite if not preserved .. so such an instruction was paramount.  Now that this is all digital and much in the cloud .. default retention durations are longer now. 

Likewise, asking a witness to jot down as much as they can remember while it's fresh in their mind (and before their memory is corrupted by continued recounting and discussions with others) is fine IMO as long as those notes or statement is not reviewed.  
Created: 26-Jul-14 14:24
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John Allan
Nationality: Australia
Certifications:
  • National Race Officer
  • National Judge
Reply to: 21806 - Rene Nusse
Ang, I think asking someone to do something, is probably ok, but the line is crossed when the protest chair starts 'statement taking' writing down what a witness says, taking possession of videos, and seeking out witnesses.
Created: 26-Jul-14 14:29
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John Quirk
Nationality: New Zealand
Certifications:
  • National Judge
  • Judge In Training
Thank you everyone...I have a more solid grasp on it now.

Created: 26-Jul-14 04:11
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